finished code and testing of functions on AVR 328P.
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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########## Project-specific Details ##########
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########## Check these every time you start a new project ##########
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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#MCU = atmega168p
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#MCU = atmega2560
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#MCU = attiny85
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MCU = atmega328p
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F_CPU = 14745600UL
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#F_CPU = 1000000UL
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BAUD = 9600UL
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## Also try BAUD = 19200 or 38400 if you're feeling lucky.
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## A directory for common include files and the simple USART library.
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## If you move either the current folder or the Library folder, you'll
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## need to change this path to match.
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#LIBDIR = ../../AVR-Programming-Library
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#LIBDIR = /usr/lib/gcc/avr/5.4.0/
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LIBDIR = /lib/avr/
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SUB_MODULES = ./lib/*/src/
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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########## Programmer Defaults ##########
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########## Set up once, then forget about it ##########
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########## (Can override. See bottom of file.) ##########
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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PROGRAMMER_TYPE = usbasp-clone
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# extra arguments to avrdude: baud rate, chip type, -F flag, etc.
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PROGRAMMER_ARGS = -b 9600 -B 4 -v
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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########## Program Locations ##########
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########## Won't need to change if they're in your PATH ##########
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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CC = avr-gcc
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OBJCOPY = avr-objcopy
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OBJDUMP = avr-objdump
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AVRSIZE = avr-size
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AVRDUDE = avrdude
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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########## Makefile Magic! ##########
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########## Summary: ##########
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########## We want a .hex file ##########
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########## Compile source files into .elf ##########
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########## Convert .elf file into .hex ##########
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########## You shouldn't need to edit below. ##########
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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## The name of your project (without the .c)
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# TARGET = blinkLED
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## Or name it automatically after the enclosing directory
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TARGET = $(lastword $(subst /, ,$(CURDIR)))
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# Object files: will find all .c/.h files in current directory
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# and in LIBDIR. If you have any other (sub-)directories with code,
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# you can add them in to SOURCES below in the wildcard statement.
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SOURCES=$(wildcard ./src/*.c $(LIBDIR)/*.c $(SUB_MODULES)/*.c)
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OBJECTS=$(SOURCES:.c=.o)
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HEADERS=$(SOURCES:.c=.h)
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## Compilation options, type man avr-gcc if you're curious.
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CPPFLAGS = -DF_CPU=$(F_CPU) -DBAUD=$(BAUD) -I. -I$(LIBDIR)
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CFLAGS = -Os -g -std=gnu99 -Wall
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## Use short (8-bit) data types
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CFLAGS += -funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fpack-struct -fshort-enums
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## Splits up object files per function
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CFLAGS += -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
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LDFLAGS = -Wl,-Map,$(TARGET).map
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## Optional, but often ends up with smaller code
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LDFLAGS += -Wl,--gc-sections
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## Relax shrinks code even more, but makes disassembly messy
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## LDFLAGS += -Wl,--relax
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## LDFLAGS += -Wl,-u,vfprintf -lprintf_flt -lm ## for floating-point printf
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## LDFLAGS += -Wl,-u,vfprintf -lprintf_min ## for smaller printf
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TARGET_ARCH = -mmcu=$(MCU)
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## Explicit pattern rules:
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## To make .o files from .c files
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%.o: %.c $(HEADERS) Makefile
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$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(TARGET_ARCH) -c -o $@ $<;
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$(TARGET).elf: $(OBJECTS)
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$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(TARGET_ARCH) $^ $(LDLIBS) -o $@
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%.hex: %.elf
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$(OBJCOPY) -j .text -j .data -O ihex $< $@
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%.eeprom: %.elf
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$(OBJCOPY) -j .eeprom --change-section-lma .eeprom=0 -O ihex $< $@
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%.lst: %.elf
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$(OBJDUMP) -S $< > $@
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## These targets don't have files named after them
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.PHONY: all disassemble disasm eeprom size clean squeaky_clean flash fuses
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all: $(TARGET).hex
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debug:
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@echo
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@echo "Source files:" $(SOURCES)
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@echo "MCU, F_CPU, BAUD:" $(MCU), $(F_CPU), $(BAUD)
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@echo
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# Optionally create listing file from .elf
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# This creates approximate assembly-language equivalent of your code.
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# Useful for debugging time-sensitive bits,
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# or making sure the compiler does what you want.
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disassemble: $(TARGET).lst
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disasm: disassemble
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# Optionally show how big the resulting program is
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size: $(TARGET).elf
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$(AVRSIZE) -C --mcu=$(MCU) $(TARGET).elf
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clean:
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rm -f $(TARGET).elf $(TARGET).hex $(TARGET).obj \
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$(TARGET).o $(TARGET).d $(TARGET).eep $(TARGET).lst \
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$(TARGET).lss $(TARGET).sym $(TARGET).map $(TARGET)~ \
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$(TARGET).eeprom
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squeaky_clean:
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rm -f *.elf *.hex *.obj *.o *.d *.eep *.lst *.lss *.sym *.map *~ *.eeprom
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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########## Programmer-specific details ##########
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########## Flashing code to AVR using avrdude ##########
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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flash: $(TARGET).hex
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$(AVRDUDE) -c $(PROGRAMMER_TYPE) -p $(MCU) $(PROGRAMMER_ARGS) -U flash:w:$<
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## An alias
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program: flash
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flash_eeprom: $(TARGET).eeprom
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$(AVRDUDE) -c $(PROGRAMMER_TYPE) -p $(MCU) $(PROGRAMMER_ARGS) -U eeprom:w:$<
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avrdude_terminal:
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$(AVRDUDE) -c $(PROGRAMMER_TYPE) -p $(MCU) $(PROGRAMMER_ARGS) -nt
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## If you've got multiple programmers that you use,
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## you can define them here so that it's easy to switch.
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## To invoke, use something like `make flash_arduinoISP`
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flash_usbtiny: PROGRAMMER_TYPE = usbtiny
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flash_usbtiny: PROGRAMMER_ARGS = # USBTiny works with no further arguments
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flash_usbtiny: flash
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flash_usbasp: PROGRAMMER_TYPE = usbasp
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flash_usbasp: PROGRAMMER_ARGS = # USBasp works with no further arguments
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flash_usbasp: flash
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flash_arduinoISP: PROGRAMMER_TYPE = avrisp
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flash_arduinoISP: PROGRAMMER_ARGS = -b 19200 -P /dev/ttyACM0
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## (for windows) flash_arduinoISP: PROGRAMMER_ARGS = -b 19200 -P com5
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flash_arduinoISP: flash
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flash_109: PROGRAMMER_TYPE = avr109
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flash_109: PROGRAMMER_ARGS = -b 9600 -P /dev/ttyUSB0
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flash_109: flash
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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########## Fuse settings and suitable defaults ##########
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##########------------------------------------------------------##########
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## Mega 48, 88, 168, 328 default values
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#LFUSE=0x62 ##Low Fuse
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#HFUSE=0xdf ##High fuses
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#EFUSE=0x00 ##
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## Mega 328p fuses
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LFUSE = 0x62
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HFUSE = 0xd9
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EFUSE = 0xff
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## Generic
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FUSE_STRING = -U lfuse:w:$(LFUSE):m -U hfuse:w:$(HFUSE):m -U efuse:w:$(EFUSE):m
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fuses:
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$(AVRDUDE) -c $(PROGRAMMER_TYPE) -p $(MCU) \
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$(PROGRAMMER_ARGS) $(FUSE_STRING)
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show_fuses:
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$(AVRDUDE) -c $(PROGRAMMER_TYPE) -p $(MCU) $(PROGRAMMER_ARGS) -nv
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## Called with no extra definitions, sets to defaults
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set_default_fuses: FUSE_STRING = -U lfuse:w:$(LFUSE):m -U hfuse:w:$(HFUSE):m -U efuse:w:$(EFUSE):m
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set_default_fuses: fuses
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## For external clock low-power crystal.
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# The low order fuse is set for a low-power crystal. 14.7456Mhz
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# cksel[3:1] 8.0-16.0 = 111 //Sets it for the range of 8Mhz - 16Mhz
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# cksel[0] 1 SUT[1:0] 11 //gives 16K ck startup time aprox 65ms
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set_crystal_fuses: LFUSE = 0xFF
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set_crystal_fuses: FUSE_STRING = -U lfuse:w:$(LFUSE):m
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set_crystal_fuses: fuses
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## Set the fuse byte for full-speed mode
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## Note: can also be set in firmware for modern chips
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set_fast_fuse: LFUSE = 0xE2
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set_fast_fuse: FUSE_STRING = -U lfuse:w:$(LFUSE):m
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set_fast_fuse: fuses
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## Set the EESAVE fuse byte to preserve EEPROM across flashes
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set_eeprom_save_fuse: HFUSE = 0xD7
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set_eeprom_save_fuse: FUSE_STRING = -U hfuse:w:$(HFUSE):m
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set_eeprom_save_fuse: fuses
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## Clear the EESAVE fuse byte
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clear_eeprom_save_fuse: FUSE_STRING = -U hfuse:w:$(HFUSE):m
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clear_eeprom_save_fuse: fuses
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46
README.md
46
README.md
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@ -1,3 +1,47 @@
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# AVR_ENCODER
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This is small library for rotary encoders often found being used for controls or volume knobs in embedded platforms.
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This is small library for rotary encoders often found being used for controls
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or volume knobs in embedded platforms.
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The recomended way to use the code is by calling the poll_encoder() function
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in the C file.
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This allows the use of polling for monitoring the state of the encoder. This
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should be fine for most applications that don't require interrupts for encoder
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use.
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The only issue would be if running the AVR at very very low speed and
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preforming too many other taskts to the point that the polling loop doesn't
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capture the full wave form from the encoder. But this is a well known weakness
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in polling.
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## Demo Funciton:
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```C
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//This is just an example function of how you could use it.
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int demo() {
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init_encoder();
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uint8_t volume = 0;
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led_blink(2);
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while(1) {
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switch(poll_encoder()) {
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case CW:
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if(volume < 100){volume++;}
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led_blink(1);
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break;
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case CCW:
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if(volume > 0){volume--;}
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led_blink(2);
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break;
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default:
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;//nothing.
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}
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//Do other polling operations here
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}
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return 0;
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}
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```
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/*
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* Author: Jake Goodwin
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* Date: 2023
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* Description: Small library for using standard rotary encoders.
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*/
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/*
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* Rotary pin state bits
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* | NOUSE |A0 |B0 |A1 |B1 |
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* | 0000b | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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*/
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/* Rotary encoder mechanical contacts.
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* Clockwise sequence:
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* | A B | DEC
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* t1 | 0 1 | 0x1
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* t2 | 0 0 | 0x0
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* t3 | 1 0 | 0x2
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* t4 | 1 1 | 0x3
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*
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* Counter-Clockwise sequence:
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* | A B | Hex
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* t1 | 1 0 | 0x2
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* t2 | 0 0 | 0x0
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* t3 | 0 1 | 0x1
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* t4 | 1 1 | 0x3
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*
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* If tossed into a 8bit register or var:
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* CW: 0b01001011 = 75
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* CCW: 0b10000111 = 135
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*/
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#include <avr/io.h>
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#include <stdint.h>
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#include <util/delay.h>
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// PIN DEFINITIONS
|
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//PUT YOUR PINS IN FOR ENCODER A/B
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//Along with pin offset if needed. So i'm using pins 1,2 so because I
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//skipped 0 I set the offset too 1.
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#define ENCODER_A PINC1
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#define ENCODER_B PINC2
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#define PIN_OFFSET 1
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#define ENCODER_DDR DDRC
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#define ENCODER_PORT PORTC
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#define INPUT_REG PINC
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#define LED_PIN PINC0
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//#############################
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//Globals
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//#############################
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//if you want you can replace this with just encoder_byte
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//and bitshift/mask to compare it with the pins state, but it's less readable.
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uint8_t old_state = 0x0;
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uint8_t encoder_byte = 0x0;
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//A more friendly way to check state.
|
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enum encoder_dir {
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CW = 1,
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CCW = 2,
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none = 0,
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};
|
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|
||||
|
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//#############################
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//FUNCTIONS
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||||
//#############################
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/*
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* Input: None
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||||
* Output: None
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||||
* Description: Toggles the pin for the LED indicator.
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*/
|
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void led_blink(uint8_t x) {
|
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//Set the DDR for output.
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DDRC |= (1<<LED_PIN);
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|
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for(uint8_t i = 0; i < x; i++) {
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PORTC ^= (1<<LED_PIN);
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_delay_ms(500);
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PORTC ^= (1<<LED_PIN);
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_delay_ms(500);
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}
|
||||
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
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void init_encoder(void) {
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//Then encoder has two outputs, A, B also labeled as clk, dt.
|
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//Set the two pins too monitor digital inputs
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ENCODER_DDR &= ~( (1<<ENCODER_A)|(1<<ENCODER_B) );
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ENCODER_PORT &= ~( (1<<ENCODER_A)|(1<<ENCODER_B) );
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}
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|
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/*
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* Input: None,
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* Output: rotary_state: 0=No change, 1= Clockwise tick, 2= counter clockwise tick.
|
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* Description: checks the rotary encoder for changes in it's state. It updates
|
||||
* the global encoder byte by taking the state of A and B pins from the encoder
|
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* and shifting their state bits into it 2bits per shift. After four shifts
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* the value in the byte should equal 75 or 135 which would mean the encoder
|
||||
* completed a single step or tick.
|
||||
*/
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uint8_t poll_encoder() {
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//in this scope we have defined the state this way
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enum state {
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CW = 75,
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CCW = 135,
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};
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|
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//clear out old state bits.
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uint8_t encoder_state = 0x0;
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|
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//mask out the other pins, and deal with the pin offset.
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encoder_state |= ( (INPUT_REG & ((1<<ENCODER_A)|(1<<ENCODER_B)) )>> PIN_OFFSET);
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|
||||
//we want to check for the correct sequence of bits.
|
||||
//we also only want to accept new states as input. Not old states.
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if(encoder_state != old_state){
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old_state = encoder_state;
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encoder_byte = (encoder_byte<<2);
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encoder_byte |= encoder_state;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
switch(encoder_byte) {
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||||
case CCW:
|
||||
encoder_byte = 0x0;
|
||||
encoder_state= 2;
|
||||
break;
|
||||
case CW:
|
||||
encoder_byte = 0x0;
|
||||
encoder_state= 1;
|
||||
break;
|
||||
default:
|
||||
encoder_state= 0x0;
|
||||
break;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return encoder_state;
|
||||
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
//This is just an example function of how you could use it.
|
||||
int demo() {
|
||||
init_encoder();
|
||||
uint8_t volume = 0;
|
||||
led_blink(2);
|
||||
|
||||
while(1) {
|
||||
switch(poll_encoder()) {
|
||||
case CW:
|
||||
if(volume < 100){volume++;}
|
||||
led_blink(1);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
case CCW:
|
||||
if(volume > 0){volume--;}
|
||||
led_blink(2);
|
||||
break;
|
||||
default:
|
||||
;//nothing.
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
//Do other polling operations here
|
||||
}
|
||||
return 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
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Reference in New Issue